Which of the following best describes case law?

Case law is best described as decisions made by courts that create laws and precedents. This definition emphasizes the role of judicial interpretations and rulings in shaping legal principles. When courts make decisions in particular cases, they establish precedents that can influence future cases with similar circumstances. This aspect of case law is integral to the common law system, where past judicial decisions can serve as authoritative guidance for subsequent matters.

In contrast, laws created solely by legislative actions are categorized as statutory law and do not encompass the interpretative nature of case law. Furthermore, the concept that laws cannot be changed over time is inaccurate as laws can be amended or overturned through various means, including new legislation or judicial review. Lastly, laws derived only from state constitutions are not a comprehensive representation of case law, which can arise from both state and federal court systems, encompassing broader judicial decisions beyond mere constitutional interpretation.