Which legal term describes a situation where excessive bail is not required in criminal cases?

The legal term "Bail Reform" is appropriate in this context as it refers to the movement towards ensuring that bail practices do not impose undue financial burdens on defendants. The fundamental principle behind bail reform is to prevent excessive bail from being set, thereby aligning with the principle that individuals should not be denied release from custody based on their inability to pay bail. This approach emphasizes fairness and equity in the judicial process, aiming to balance public safety concerns with the rights of individuals awaiting trial.

Other options, while relevant in different legal contexts, do not adequately capture the essence of addressing excessive bail. "Independent Surety" typically pertains to the role of a third-party guarantor in securing bail but does not address the broader concept of bail conditions being fair and proportional. "Unjust Enrichment" refers to a legal principle where one party benefits at another's expense in a manner considered unjust by law, which is unrelated to bail practices. "Due Process" is a constitutional guarantee ensuring fair treatment under the law, but it does not specifically address the issue of excessive bail. Therefore, Bail Reform is the most accurate term for describing the legal approach to preventing the requirement of excessive bail in criminal cases.